Guide to the Jewish Year

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Guide to the Jewish Year, pages 1342-1343, with pointed Hebrew, English, and transliteration.

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Gates to Prayer

Guide to the Jewish Year 1342-1343 1512-1513

הלכות למועדי השנה ha|la|CHOT le|mo-a|DEI ha|sha|NAH ha|la|KHOTH le|mo|ʿa|DHE has|sha|NAH ha|la|KHOT le|mo|ʿa|DE has|sha|NAH ha|lo|CHOYS l'moy-a|DEI ha|sho|NOH Guide to the Jewish Year 1342-1343

heading שושן פורים shu|SHAN pu|RIM shu|SHAN pu|RIM shu|SHAN pu|RIM shu|SHAN pu|RIM Shushan Purim (15th of Adar) Instructions 195 Both Taḥanun and לַמְנַצֵּחַ are omitted [שו"ע או"ח, תרצז:א]. heading שבת פרשת פרה sha|BAT pa|ra|SHAT fa|RAH shab|BATH pa|ra|SHATH fa|RAH shab|BAT pa|ra|SHAT fa|RAH SHA|bos po|ro|SHAS fo|ROH Shabbat Parashat Para (Shabbat preceding Shabbat Parashat HaḤodesh) Instructions 196 On the penultimate Shabbat of the month of Adar (Adar II in a leap year), a second Torah scroll is taken from the Ark, from which Parashat Para (Num. 19:1–22), the third of the four special Maftir-Haftara units, is read. Haftara: Ezek. 36:16–38 [שו"ע או"ח, תרפה:ג]. אָב הָרַחֲמִים is omitted. heading שבת פרשת החודש sha|BAT pa|ra|SHAT ha|CHO|desh shab|BATH pa|ra|SHATH ha|ḥO|dhesh shab|BAT pa|ra|SHAT ha|ḥO|desh SHA|bos po|ro|SHAS ha|CHOY|desh Shabbat Parashat HaḤodesh (Mevarkhim Ḥodesh Nisan) Instructions 197 On the Shabbat preceding Rosh Ḥodesh Nisan, a second Torah scroll is taken from the Ark, from which Parashat HaḤodesh (Ex. 12:1–20), the fourth of the four special Maftir-Haftara units, is read. Haftara: Ezek. 45:16–46:18 [שו"ע או"ח, תרפה:ד]. אָב הָרַחֲמִים is omitted. Instructions 198 When Rosh Ḥodesh Nisan falls on Shabbat, three Torah scrolls are taken from the Ark. Six men are called up to the first scroll and the portion of the week is read. A seventh man is called to the second scroll for the reading of Num. 28:9–15. Half Kaddish is said. Maftir (Ex. 12:1–20) is read from the third scroll. Haftara is Ezek. 45:16–46:18. אָב הָרַחֲמִים is omitted. heading ניסן ni|SAN ni|SAN ni|SAN ni|SON NISAN Instructions 199 During the month of Nisan, Taḥanun is omitted on weekdays, and אָב הָרַחֲמִים (page 595) and צִדְקָתְךָ (page 689) are omitted on Shabbat [שו"ע ורמ"א או"ח, תכט:ב]. Instructions 200 Many have the custom not to eat matza from Rosh Ḥodesh Nisan [משנ"ב, שם:יב]. Some refrain from eating matza from Purim. Instructions 201 One may not eat matza on Erev Pesaḥ [רמ"א או"ח, תעא:ב]. On Erev Pesaḥ it is permissible to eat certain kinds of matza which are not considered proper matza, such as matza made with juice instead of water, or which was cooked or fried after it was baked [שו"ע או"ח תעא,ב]. heading שבת הגדול sha|BAT ha|ga|DOL shab|BATH hag|ga|DHOL shab|BAT hag|ga|DOL SHA|bos ha|go|DOYL Shabbat HaGadol (Shabbat preceding Pesaḥ) Instructions 202 The Shabbat preceding Pesaḥ is known as Shabbat HaGadol [שו"ע או"ח, תל:א]. A special Haftara is said: Mal. 3:4–24. It is customary for the rabbi to deliver a sermon relating to Pesaḥ. heading ערב פסח E|rev PE|sach ʿE|rev PE|saḥ ʿE|rev PE|saḥ E|rev PE|sach Erev Pesaḥ (14th of Nisan) heading הלכות בדיקת חמץ ha|la|CHOT b'di|KAT cha|METZ ha|la|KHOTH be|dhi|QATH ḥa|METZ ha|la|KHOT be|di|QAT ḥa|METZ ha|lo|CHOYS b'di|KAS cho|MEITZ LAWS OF BEDIKAT ḤAMETZ Instructions 203 As soon as possible after dark, one is required to do Bedikat Ḥametz in one's home (page 805) [שו"ע או"ח, תלא:א]. It is customary for a household member to hide ten pieces of ḥametz to be found during the search [רמ"א או"ח, תלב:ב]. Before beginning the search one says the blessing עַל בִּעוּר חָמֵץ [שו"ע או"ח, תלב:א]. The custom is to conduct the search at night by the light of a candle, but use of a flashlight is also permitted. If Pesaḥ falls on Motza'ei Shabbat, the search is made on Thursday night. Those who plan to be away on Pesaḥ should conduct the search the night before their departure, but without making a blessing. After completion of the search, one says כָּל חֲמִירָא (page 805), an Aramaic formula disclaiming one's ownership of any ḥametz the whereabouts of which are unknown. Instructions 204 Shaḥarit: for weekdays. מִזְמוֹר לְתוֹדָה and לַמְנַצֵּחַ are omitted [רמ"א או"ח, נא:ט]. Instructions 205 First born males are required to fast (תענית בכורות), unless they attend a siyum (celebratory meal to mark the completion of a unit of Torah study), which is traditionally held immediately following Shaḥarit [שו"ע או"ח, תע:א]. Instructions 206 One is forbidden from eating ḥametz from the end of the first third of the day, [שו"ע או"ח, תמג:א]. There is a dispute between halakhic authorities whether the day is measured from daybreak to nightfall (Magen Avraham), or from sunrise to sunset (Vilna Gaon). One should follow local communal practice in this regard. Instructions 207 One is forbidden from owning ḥametz from the end of the first 5/12 of the day, by which time one should burn or otherwise destroy any ḥametz remaining in one's possession [שם]. One should say כָּל חֲמִירָא (page 805) a second time before the end of the first 5/12 of the day [שו"ע או"ח, תלד:ב]. Instructions 208 If the first day of Pesaḥ falls on Thursday, each household must prepare an Eiruv Tavshilin (page 805); this makes it permissible to prepare food on Friday for the Shabbat meals [שו"ע או"ח, תקכז]. Instructions 209 After Minḥa, some have the custom to say the biblical verses describing the sacrifice of the Pesaḥ lamb (Ex. 12:1–13) [משנ"ב או"ח, תעא:כב]. Instructions 210 If Pesaḥ eve falls on Motza'ei Shabbat, the Fast of the Firstborn is held on the preceding Thursday [שו"ע ורמ"א או"ח, תע:ב]. Bedikat Ḥametz is done on Thursday night, and the ḥametz is burned (see law 207) on Friday morning without saying כָּל חֲמִירָא, while leaving enough ḥametz for Shabbat. On Shabbat morning, after eating the last of one's ḥametz, any leftovers must be given to a non-Jew